Which of the following are basic mechanisms of size reduction during milling?

The basic mechanisms of size reduction during milling are primarily focused on the physical processes that enable the breakdown of larger particles into smaller ones. Abrasion and compression are two key mechanisms that play significant roles in this process.

Abrasion occurs when particles rub against each other or against the milling equipment, leading to the wear and tear of the particles. This friction results in the removal of material from the surface of the particles, progressively reducing their size.

Compression, on the other hand, involves applying pressure to materials, forcing them to deform and break apart. When particles are subjected to sufficient force, they can fracture and split into smaller pieces. Milling equipment often employs a combination of these mechanisms, as particles are subjected to both abrasive interactions and compressive forces to achieve effective size reduction.

The other options, while related to various processes, do not directly relate to the fundamental mechanisms involved in size reduction during milling. Heating and cooling might affect material properties and can lead to changes in size through thermal expansion or contraction, but they are not primary mechanisms of size reduction. Osmosis and diffusion are processes related to the movement of molecules and do not pertain to particle size reduction. Lastly, centrifugal and vibrational forces can be present in milling operations but do not define the basic